Securing Through Enlargement: New Joint Research Paper by WB30 and Friends of the Western Balkans

Joint Research Paper between WB30 and Friends of the Western Balkans, the author, Heather Lindsay argues that the collective accession of all six Western Balkan countries (Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, Montenegro, North Macedonia, and Serbia) to the European Union would substantially strengthen European security and defence capabilities. At a critical moment when Russia poses an active military threat, U.S. commitment to NATO faces uncertainty, and EU member states operate in fragmented policy responses, the Western Balkans represent a strategic asset essential to European autonomy and resilience. The region occupies critical geographical terrain for military mobility, possesses valuable defence industrial capabilities, and serves as a key corridor for managing transnational security threats including migration, organised crime, and health security. Moreover, Western Balkan participation would help address environmental security challenges that directly impact EU citizens, while unlocking significant renewable energy and critical mineral resources needed for the green transition. 

​While concerns regarding corruption and governance persist, this research demonstrates that the costs of continued exclusion, including policy fragmentation, geopolitical vulnerability, and exposure to external influence, substantially outweigh the risks associated with enlargement. The question facing EU pol icymakers is therefore no longer whether the Western Balkans are important to European security, but whether Europe can afford to leave them outside its defence and security framework. Accession must be treated as an urgent strategic priority and integral component of European defence architecture, with accelerated timelines to strengthen political cohesion, enhance military interoperability, and secure Europe's southeastern flank.

V skupnem raziskovalnem poročilu WB30 in Friends of the Western Balkans avtorica Heather Lindsay zagovarja stališče, da bi skupni pristop vseh šestih držav Zahodnega Balkana (Albanije, Bosne in Hercegovine, Kosova, Črne gore, Severne Makedonije in Srbije) k Evropski uniji bistveno okrepil evropske varnostne in obrambne zmogljivosti. V kritičnem trenutku, ko Rusija predstavlja aktivno vojaško grožnjo, zavezanost ZDA zvezi NATO spremlja negotovost, odzivi držav članic EU pa ostajajo razdrobljeni, Zahodni Balkan predstavlja strateško prednost, ki je bistvena za evropsko avtonomijo in odpornost. Regija zavzema ključen geografski prostor za vojaško mobilnost, razpolaga z dragocenimi zmogljivostmi obrambne industrije ter predstavlja pomemben koridor za obvladovanje čezmejnih varnostnih groženj, vključno z migracijami, organiziranim kriminalom in zdravstveno varnostjo. Poleg tega bi vključevanje Zahodnega Balkana pripomoglo k reševanju okoljskih varnostnih izzivov, ki neposredno vplivajo na državljane EU, hkrati pa omogočilo izkoriščanje pomembnih obnovljivih virov energije in kritičnih mineralnih surovin, potrebnih za zeleni prehod.

Čeprav pomisleki glede korupcije in upravljanja ostajajo, raziskava kaže, da stroški nadaljnjega izključevanja, vključno z razdrobljenostjo politik, geopolitično ranljivostjo in izpostavljenostjo zunanjim vplivom, bistveno presegajo tveganja, povezana s širitvijo. Vprašanje, s katerim se soočajo evropski odločevalci, zato ni več, ali je Zahodni Balkan pomemben za evropsko varnost, temveč ali si Evropa lahko privošči, da regijo pusti zunaj svojega obrambnega in varnostnega okvira. Pristop držav Zahodnega Balkana je treba obravnavati kot nujno strateško prednostno nalogo in sestavni del evropske obrambne arhitekture ter pospešiti časovnico širitve, da bi okrepili politično kohezijo, izboljšali vojaško interoperabilnost in zavarovali jugovzhodno krilo Evrope.

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Pahor meets with Senior Austrian Representatives to discuss the Western Balkans and EU accession